• Constitutive modeling of tension-torsion coupling and tension-compression asymmetry in NiTi shape memory alloys   (1393/6/16)

  A three-dimensional phenomenological model based on microplane theory is extended to capture the coupling effects between tension and torsion in complex multiaxial loadings. Inelastic strain in a microplane approach is a component of transformation strain and anisotropic strain. Since the anisotropy effect is induced during martensitic transformation, anisotropic strain is de fined as a function of transformation strain. Out-of-plane strain is induced in simple tension and pure torsion in free-end conditions. Anisotropy tensor is experimentally extracted and is used in the proposed model to predict the behavior in multiaxial loading. The ability of this extended microplane model to predict the tension-torsion coupling effects as well as the induced transformation anisotropic behavior of NiTi shape memory alloys is demonstrated. In addition, ...

• Anisotropic behavior of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys; an experimental investigation and constitutive modeling   (1393/6/16)

  The effect of boundary condition on the mechanical behavior of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys is investigated in this paper. Experimental tests were carried out on NiTi tubes subjected to tension and torsion with different boundary conditions including fixed and free end cases. Results revealed that anisotropy strain/stress appears in the material depending on the end boundary condition of the sample when martensite transformation occurs. This phenomenon is believed to be a result of anisotropy developed in NiTi during material processing and/or training procedures. Based on experimental findings, a new extension is considered to a 3-D phenomenological constitutive model to capture the anisotropic transformation strain/stress generation observed during different loading conditions. Numerical correlations between predicted and experimental data demonstrate the success of the modified model.

• Simulation of Chatter in Cold Rolling Strip using Finite Element Method   (1393/3/12)

  Chatter is a particular case of self-excited vibrations, which arise in rolling operations because of the interaction between the structural dynamics of the mill stand and dynamics of the rolling process. The model presented here has two sub models one for structure of the mill and the other for the rolling process. The structure of a mill stand modeled as a system of linear spring and lumped masses in order to simulation the interaction between the rolls. In this paper, to analyze the chatter vibration a dynamic model of cold rolling process using finite element method (FEM) is considered. The influence of rolling parameters such as rolling speed, reduction and friction coefficient on chatter vibration is investigated and it was showed that the possibility of chatter onset increased by raising the rolling velocity and decrease friction coefficient.

• Investigations of influences of operational parameters on chatter vibration of cold rolling machines using finite element method   (1393/3/12)

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• Numerical implementation of a thermomechanical constitutive model for shape memory alloys using return mapping algorithm and microplane theory   (1393/3/12)

  In this work, a return mapping algorithm is utilized to implement the model into a finite element program and then Microplane theory is employed. A numerical procedure is also developed to implement the model as a user material subroutine for ABAQUS-Standard commercial code. Uniaxial tension test under a constant axial stress is simulated in order to study the behavior of shape memory alloys. A very good agreement is seen between the results obtained by the two approaches indicating the capability of microplane theory.

• 3D phenomenological constitutive modeling of shape memory alloys based on microplane theory   (1393/3/12)

  This paper concerns 3D phenomenological modeling of shape memory alloys using microplane theory. In the proposed approach, transformation is assumed to be the only source of inelastic strain in 1D constitutive laws considered for any generic plane passing through a material point. 3D constitutive equations are derived by generalizing the 1D equations using a homogenization technique. In the developed model, inelastic strain is explicitly stated in terms of the martensite volume fraction. To compare this approach with incremental constitutive models, such an available model is applied in its 1D integral form to the microplane formulation, and it is shown that both the approaches produce similar results for different uniaxial loadings. A nonproportional loading is then studied, and the results are compared with those obtained from an available model in which the inelastic strain is divided into two separate portions for transformation and reorientation.

• Microplane Modeling of Shape Memory Alloy Tubes Under Tension, Torsion and Proportional Tension-Torsion Loading   (1393/3/12)

  In this study, a three-dimensional thermomechanical constitutive model based on the microplane theory is proposed to simulate the behavior of shape memory alloy tubes. The three-dimensional model is implemented in ABAQUS by employing a user material subroutine. In order to validate the model, the numerical results of this approach are compared with new experimental findings for a NiTi superelastic torque tube under tension, pure torsion, and proportional tension–torsion performed in stress- and strain-controlled manners. The numerical and experimental results are in agreement indicating the capability of the proposed microplane model in capturing the behavior of shape memory alloy tubes. This model is capable of predicting both superelasticity and shape memory effect by providing closed-form relationships for calculating the strain components in terms of the stress components.

• A thermodynamically-consistent microplane model for shape memory alloys   (1393/3/12)

  In microplane theory, it is assumed that a macroscopic stress tensor is projected to the microplane stresses. It is also assumed that 1D constitutive laws are defined for associated stress and strain components on all microplanes passing through a material point. The macroscopic strain tensor is obtained by strain integration on microplanes of all orientations at a point by using a homogenization process. Traditionally, microplane formulation has been based on the Volumetric–Deviatoric–Tangential split and macroscopic strain tensor was derived using the principle of complementary virtual work. It has been shown that this formulation could violate the second law of thermodynamics in some loading conditions. The present paper focuses on modeling of shape memory alloys using microplane formulation in a thermodynamically-consistent framework. To this end,